Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Written by Gizem Güler

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that is caused by chronic inflammation and tissue damage due to autoreactive antibodies. The major pathogenic cellular characteristic is abnormal B cell activity. The secreted auto-reactive antibodies are directed toward cellular components and can cause multiorgan damage by immune complex deposition and inflammation within affected tissues. Hereditary mutations in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes further contribute to the dysregulated signaling between T helper cells and B cells. SLE is most prevalent in adult women, while various genetic and environmental factors play a role in the disease process. Non-specific SLE can vary from systemic symptoms to musculoskeletal or dermatological features. Clinical features are reflected both in manifestations of active lupus, caused by inflammation events, and chronic organ damages. There are various therapeutic medications for SLE that can prevent flares, as well as reduce disease severity and duration. Currently used treatment methods include disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), immune cell targeted therapies and anti-cytokine medications.

Clinical Features

Pathogenesis

Comorbidities

Cellular Characteristics

Genetics

Treatment

Epidemiology

References

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